Volume: 53 Issue: 4
Year: 2022, Page: 609-616, Doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.4.
Received: May 4, 2022 Accepted: July 20, 2022 Published: Dec. 31, 2022
The objective of the current study involved assessment of correlation between the expression of oestrogen receptor (ERα) and Ki-67 by immunohistochemistry, in the genital borne neoplasms in 12 postpubertal bitches between 2 to 12 years of age, presented at University Veterinary Hospitals, Kokkalai and Mannuthy. The age group of 5-8 years had the highest incidence of neoplasia (50.00 %) in comparison with other groups. Episiotomy was performed for extraluminal tumours while local excision performed in all intraluminal tumours except canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT). A chemotherapeutic regimen involving intravenous infusion of vincristine sulphate at 0.025 mg/kg was administered to bitches with CTVT and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) until complete remission of the neoplasm. The tumours were histopathologically confirmed as myofibroma (n=6), CTVT (n= 3), leiomyoma (n = 1), SCC (n = 1) and fibroma (n = 1). Immunohistochemical staining of the neoplastic tissues was performed to evaluate ERα and Ki-67 expression status which could aid in estimating the malignancy potential and influence of ERα on the same. Spearman’s rank correlation between the immunohistochemical scores for the expression of ERα and Ki-67 in these tumours was highly significant (p<0.01). The correlation between ERα and Ki-67 had a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the study suggests that higher expression of Ki-67 of a neoplasm coupled with lower expression of ERα bears evidence to a malignant process.
Keywords: Canine, Genital neoplasms, Immunohistochemistry, ERα, Ki-67
Agnew, D.W. & MacLachlan, N.J. 2016. Tumors of the genital systems. In: Tumors in domestic animals (5th Ed.). John Wiley and Sons, Iowa. pp. 689-722.
Bancroft, J.D. & Gamble, M. 2008. Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques (6th Ed.). Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, China. 669p.
Brodey, R.S. & Roszel, J.F. 1967. Neoplasms of the canine uterus, vagina, and vulva: a clinicopathologic survey of 90 cases. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 151: 1294-1307.
Christy, M.J., Sajitha, I.S., Devi, S.S., Dhanush, K.B. & Sudheesh, S.N. 2022. Study on histopathological subtypes and grading of canine mammary tumours. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 53: 83-85.
Coppoc, G.L. 2009. Chemotherapy of neoplastic disease in veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. In: J.E. Riviere & M.G. Papich (Eds.), Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics (6th Ed.). Wiley-Blackwell, Iowa. 1231p.
Do Amaral, A.S., Bassani-Silva, S., Ferreira, I., da Fonseca, L.S., de Andrade, F.H.E., Gaspar, L.F.J. & Rocha, N.S. 2007. Cytomorphological characterization of transmissible canine venereal tumor. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências Veterinárias. 103: 253-260.
Ganguly, B., Das, U. & Das, A.K. 2016. Canine transmissible venereal tumour: a review. Vet. Comp. Oncol. 14: 1-12.
Igna, C., Bumb, D., Proteasa, A., Dascalu, R., Schuszler, L., Igna, V. & Brezovan, D. 2016. Subtotal vaginectomy as a treatment for vaginal tumours in two bitches. Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine. 73: 1-6.
Johnston, S.D., Kustritz, M.V.R. & Olson, P.N.S. 2001. Canine and Feline Theriogenology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. 608p.
Kang, T.B. & Holmberg, D.L. 1983. Vaginal leiomyoma in a dog. Can Vet J. 24: 258-260.
Karayannopoulou, M., Koutinas, A.F., Polizopoulou, Z.S., Roubies, N., Fytianou, A., Saridomichelakis, M.N. & Kaldrymidou, E. 2003. Total serum alkaline phosphatase activity in dogs with mammary neoplasms: a prospective study on 79 natural cases. J. Vet. Med. 50: 501-505.
Katamoto, H., Kumagai, D., Kouzai, N., Takigami, S., Kuwamura, M., Yamate, J. & Kotani, T. 2003. Space occupying leiomyoma in the pelvic canal of a dog. J. Small Anim. Pract. 44: 277-279.
Kumar, S., Bisla, R.S., Singh, P. & Jakhar, K.K. 2019. Pathological studies and therapeutic management by vincristine sulphate for oral tumours in bovine. Pharm. Innov. J. 8: 836-839.
Kustritz, M.V.R. 2020. Vaginal cytology in the bitch and queen. Vet. Cytol. 9: 552-558.
Kydd, D.M. & Burnie, A.G. 1986. Vaginal neoplasia in the bitch: a review of forty clinical cases. J. Small Anim. Pract. 27: 255-263.
Lee, S.H., Park, C.H., Park, J.T., Kim, Y.M., Oh, K.S. & Son, C.H. 2014. Extraluminal form of vaginal leiomyoma: two case reports. J. Vet. Clin. 31: 539-543.
Millan, Y., Guil-Luna, S., Reymundo, C., Sanchez-Cespedes, R. & Martín de las Mulas, J. 2013. Sex steroid hormones and tumors in domestic animals. Insights from Veterinary Medicine. 4: 191-214.
Nak, D., Nak, Y., Cangul, I.T. & Tuna, B. 2005. A clinico-pathological study on the effect of vincristine on transmissible venereal tumour in dogs. J. Vet. Med. A. 52: 366-370.
Ojeda, J., Mieres, M., Soto, F., Arnes, V., Paredes, E. & Navarrete, M. 2018. Computer tomographic imaging in 4 dogs with primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor and differing cellular phenotype. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 31: 1-6.
Priyadarshini, N., Das, D.P., Panda, S.K. & Samal, L. 2021. Transmissible venereal tumours (TVT) in bitches: a haematological, biochemical and histopathological study. J. Entomol. Zool. 9: 490-493.
Nair, R. 2012. Occurrence, clinical findings and treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumour. M.V.Sc thesis, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode. 125p.
Russo, M., England, G.C., Catone, G. & Marino, G. 2021. Imaging of canine neoplastic reproductive disorders. Animals. 11: 1213-1225.
Sathya, S. & Linn, K. 2014. Regression of a vaginal leiomyoma after ovariohysterectomy in a dog: a case report. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 50: 424-428.
Sahoo, S., Jena, B., Nath, I., Das, J., Behera, S.S., Rath, P.K., Biswal, S.S. & Sardar, K.K. 2020. Comparative study of ultrasonography techniques in predicting histopathological lesion of canine tumours. J. Anim. Res. 10: 641-649.
Simon, S. 1997. Hormonal induction of oestrus in bitches. M.V.Sc thesis, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode. 151p.
Simon, S., Ramanathan, A. & Ghosh, K.N.A. 2021. Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of maternal and foetal blood flow in canine pregnancy and its application in the critical management of gestation. Indian J. Anim. Res. 56: 811-821.
Sridevi, P. 2013. Ultrasonographic diagnosis and monitoring of pregnancy in the bitch. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 44: 1-7.
Stockmann, D., Ferrari, H.F., Andrade, A.L., Lopes, R.A., Cardoso, T.C. & Luvizotto, M.C.R. 2011. Canine transmissible venereal tumors: aspects related to programmed cell death. Braz. J. Vet. Pathol. 4: 65-75.
Theodorou, K., Koutinas, A., Kalli, I., Loukopoulos, P., Mylonakis, M., Patsikas, M. & Ververidis, C. 2010. Internal metastasis of a cutaneous transmissible tumor in a dog. In: Proceedings of the 9th Hellenic Conference on Companion Animal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.
Umamageswari, J., Sridevi, P., Rangasamy, S. & Sridhar, R. 2016. Vaginal leiomyoma in a pregnant bitch. Ind. J. Anim. Reprod. 37: 71-73.
Vakkala, M., Paakko, P. & Soini, Y. 1999. Expression of caspases 3, 6 and 8 is increased in parallel with apoptosis and histological aggressiveness of the breast lesion. Br. J. Cancer. 81: 592-599.
Wong, R.J., Joe, J.K., Kim, S.H., Shah, J.P., Horsburgh, B. & Fong, Y. 2002. Oncolytic herpes virus effectively treats murine squamous cell carcinoma and spreads by natural lymphatics to treat sites of lymphatic metastases. Human Gene Therapy. 13: 1213-1223.
Yadav, A., Bugalia, N.S. & Pandey, A.K. 2018. Haemato-biochemical and therapeutic evaluation of doxorubicin and vincristine in canine transmissible venereal tumour. Indian J. Anim. Reprod. 39: 40-42.
Copyright: © 2022 Tukaram et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Tukaram, K. O., Shibu S., Magnus P. K., Jayakumar, C., Sajitha, I. S. and Vanesa J. T. 2022. Correlation between oestrogen receptor (ERα) and Ki-67 receptor expression in canine genital neoplasms by immunohistochemistry. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 53(4): 609-616
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.4.