JVAS announces awards - Four best research articles (one each from basic, production, para-clinical and clinical subjects) and one best short communication will be adjudged for awards each year!!!

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Volume: 54 Issue: 2

  • Open Access
  • Short Communication

Therapeutic management of clinical caprine anaplasmosis in Thrissur district, Kerala

Himadri Biswas1*, K. Justin Davis 2, K. Vijayakumar 3, K. Vinodkumar2 and Bindu Lakshmanan5

1. MVSc. Scholar,Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Kerala, India
2. Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University,Kerala, India
3. Dean, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy
4. Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, CVAS, Mannuthy
*Corresponding author: [email protected], Ph. +91 7005633968

Year: 2023, Page: 589-593, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.589-593

Received: Oct. 22, 2022 Accepted: Jan. 19, 2023 Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Abstract

Anaplasmosis is a fatal infectious disease affecting small ruminants all over the world. Haematological analysis and therapeutic evaluation of anaplasmosis were done in clinically affected goats from Thrissur district, Kerala in this study. A total of 100 blood samples from clinically affected goats were collected and microscopically examined using Field’s staining technique for anaplasmosis which revealed 50 per cent positivity. Infected goats showed significant (p <0.05) decrease in their haematological variables like haemoglobin, MCH and platelets, compared to healthy animals. The effectiveness of long-acting oxytetracycline, long-acting enrofloxacin, and imidocarb dipropionate in treating anaplasmosis was 100%, 62.5%, and 50%, respectively. Long acting oxytetracycline was the most effective drug of choice for treating the disease.

Keywords: Anaplasmosis, haematology, therapeutics, oxytetracycline

References

Aboaziza, F.A.M.A., Ashry, H.M and Nassar, S.A. 2017. Haematological and biochemical alterations in sub clinically affected dromedary camels with Anaplasma ovis during breeding season in Egypt.  J. Chem. Pharmaceut. Sci.3: 1326-1334.

Ahmadi-hamedani, M., Khaki, Z., Rahbari, S. and Ahmadi-hamedani, M.A. 2012. Erratum to: Hematological profiles of goats naturally infected with Anaplasma ovis in north and northeast Iran. Comp. Clin. Path. 3: 545-545.

Ali, A., Ijaz, M., Durrani, A.Z., Ali, M.M., Mehmood, K. and Sabir, A. 2014. Prevalence and chemotherapy of anaplasmosis in clinically affected small ruminants in the River Ravi Region, Lahore. Pakist. J. Zool. 46: 876–880.

Alsaad, K.M.  2009. Clinical, haematological and biochemical studies of anaplasmosis in Arabian one-humped camels (Camelus dromedaries). J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 8: 2106-2109.

Anumol, J., Tresamol, P.V., Saranya, M.G., Vijayakumar, K. and Saseendranath, M. R. 2011. A study on aetiology of anaemia in goats. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 42: 61-63.

Atif, F.A., Khan, M.S., Khan, M.A., Ashraf, M. and Avais, M. 2012. Chemotherapeutic efficacy of oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and imidocarb for the elimination of persistent Anaplasma marginale infection in naturally infected Sahiwal cattle. Pakist. J.  Zool. 44: 449-456

Das, D., Sarma, K., Eregowda, C.G., Roychoudhury, P., Rajesh, J.B., Behera, P., Prasad, H., Lalrinkima, H., Aktar, F., Bora, N. and Deka, C. 2022. Naturally occurring Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle: Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors, haemato-biochemical alterations, oxidant/antioxidant status and serum trace mineral levels. Microbial.Pathogenesis.167: 105575-105587.

Dhanasree, G., Pillai, U.N., Deepa, C., Ambily, V.R., Shynu, M and Safeer, M.S. 2019. Correlation between anaplasmosis, anaemia and oxidative stress indices in goats of Thrissur, Kerala. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.7: 1184-1187.

Honey, S. 2018. Molecular diagnosis and clinic- therapeutic studies of anaplasmosis in goats of Wayanad district. M.V.Sc thesis, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, 68p.

Khan, A., Mitchell III, R.D., Niaz, S., Ayaz, S., Khattak, I., Naeem, H., de León, A.A.P. and Zaman, M.A. 2019. Seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. among sheep and goats in Charsadda District, Pakistan. Small. Rum. Res. 176: 5-10.

Lata, M. and Mondal, B.C. 2021. Role of Goats in Indian Economy: Major Constraints and Routine Managemental Practices for their Well-being. Vigyan Varta2: 41-46.

Mustafa, B.H. 2011. Clinical and hematological study on ovine anaplasmosis in Sulaimani province-Iraq. Bas. J. Vet. Res. 10: 97-104

Nimisha, M., Pradeep, R.K., Kurbet, P.S., Amrutha, B.M., Varghese, A., Deepa, C.K., Priya, M.N., Lakshmanan, B., Kumar, K.G.A. and Ravindran, R. 2017. Parasitic diseases of domestic and wild animals in northern Kerala: A retrospective study based on clinical samples. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 6: 2381-2392.

Nitture, B., Kasaralikar, V.R., Halmandge, S.C., Ravindra, B.G., Kulkarni, S. and Patil, N.A. 2020. Clinico, haemato-biochemical changes and therapeutic management of anaplasmosis. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci9: 1440-1449.

Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W. and Constable, P.D., 2016. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. (11th Ed.). Saunders Elsevier, 2365p.

Rajan, A. and George, D.C.A.B. 2021. Clinico-haematological profile and therapeutic management of anaplasmosis in a cross-bred Malabari goat. Pharma Innovation J. 10: 644-646.

Santos, C.F. and de Carvalho, C.B., 2006. First report of Anaplasma bovis in the microregion state of Rio Janeiro, Brazil. Revista Brasileira Parasitol. Vet. 15: 126-127.

Shah, S. S. A., Khan, M. I. and Rahman, H. U. 2017.Epidemiological and hematological investigations of tick-borne diseases in small ruminants in Peshawar and Khyber agency, Pakistan. J. Adv. Parasitol. 4: 15-22.

Shahbazi, P., Gharajalar, N.S., Mohebbi, K., Jafar, T., Hosein, H.F., Ali, A.N and Roghayeh, N. 2021. First Survey on the presence and distribution of oxytetracycline-resistance genes in Anaplasma Species. Acta Parasit. 66: 501–507.

Singh, S.T., Randhawa, S.S., Kaur, S., Randhawa, S.N.S., Uppal, S.K. and Singla, L.D. 2014. Therapeutic efficacy of long acting enrofloxacin in anaplasmosis in cattle. Indian  J. Dairy Sci63: 50-53.

Shabana, I.I., Alhadlag, N.M. and Zaraket, H. 2018. Diagnostic tools of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis: a direct comparative study. BMC Vet. Res. 14: 1-8.

Woldehiwet, Z. 2010. The natural history of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Vet. Parasitol. 167: 108–122.

Cite this article

Biswas, H., Davis, J.K., Vijayakumar, K., Vinodkumar, K. and Lakshmanan, B. 2023. Therapeutic management of clinical caprine anaplasmosis in Thrissur district, Kerala., J. Vet. Anim.Sci. 54(2):589-593
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.589-593

Views
200
Downloads
156
Citations