Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Volume: 55 Issue: 2

  • Open Access
  • Research Article

Relationship between the sonographic foetal lung-to-liver ratio of mean grey level and progesterone concentration in canine late gestation

Roshni Ravindranath1, K. Magnus Paul2*, K. Promod1, C.P. Abdul Azees1 and N.S. Jinesh Kumar3

1. Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Wayanad-673 576

2. Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, CVAS, Mannuthy

3. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, CVAS, Pookode

Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Kerala, India

*Corresponding author: [email protected], Ph. 9400322175

Year: 2024, Page: 360-365, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2024.55.2.360-365

Received: Oct. 16, 2023 Published: June 30, 2024

Abstract

A study was conducted to perform the quantitative analysis of canine foetal lung and liver sonographic images in the late term of gestation (58-67 days) and to evaluate its association with serum progesterone concentration. Thirty-two pregnant bitches were selected for the study. Lung development of foetus occurs in three different stages viz the pseudo glandular (40-48), canalicular (49-56 d) and saccular phase (57-63 d) of pregnancy. Lungs of the foetus at the time of parturition are in saccular phase of development and the alveolar phase occurs in the neonatal period. In the present study, sonographic changes occurring in the lung during the saccular phase of foetal lung development was evaluated. Mean grey level of the foetal lung and liver sonographic images were estimated using dedicated image analysis software Image J. The lung-to-liver ratio (LLR) of mean grey level (MGL) was recorded. Corresponding progesterone concentrations were also estimated for each animal. Correlation statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between LLR of MGL and progesterone concentration in the animals selected for the study. LLR of MGL is a prognostic indicator of foetal survival and since LLR of MGL and progesterone are positively correlated, it can be used as an indicator of foetal maturity in place of progesterone concentration.

Keywords: Lung-to-liver ratio of mean grey level, ultrasonography, progesterone

References

Banzato, T., Zovi, G. and Milani, C. 2017. Estimation of foetal lung development using quantitative analysis of ultrasonographic images in normal canine pregnancy. Theriogenology. 99: 158-163.

Bonte, T., Del Carro, A., Paquette, J., Charlot Valdieu, A., Buff, S. and Rosset, E. 2017. Foetal pulmonary maturity in dogs: Estimated from bubble tests in amniotic fluid obtained via amniocentesis. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 52: 1025-1029.

Concannon, P., Tsutsui, T. and Shille, V. 2001. Embryo development, hormonal requirements and maternal responses during canine pregnancy. J. Reprod. Fertil. 57: 169- 179.

Lopate, C. 2008. Estimation of gestational age and assessment of canine foetal maturation using radiology and ultrasonography: a review. Theriogenology. 70: 397-402.

Maeda, K., Utsu, M., Yamamoto, N., and Serizawa, M. 1999. Echogenicity of foetal lung and liver quantified by the grey-level histogram width. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 25: 201-208.

Nyland, T.G. and Matoon, J.S. 2002. Small animal diagnostic ultrasound (2nd Ed.). W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp. 231-249.

Prakash, K.B., Ramakrishnan, A.G., Suresh, S. and Chow, T.W. 2002. Foetal lung maturity analysis using ultrasound image features. IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed. 6: 38-45.

Sohn, C., Stolz, W. and Bastert, G. 1991. Diagnosis of foetal lung maturity by ultrasound: a new method and first results. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 1: 345-348.

Thieme, G.A., Banjavic, R.A. and Johnson, M.L. 1983. Sonographic identification of lung maturation in the foetal lamb. Invest. Radiol. 18: 18-26.

Vinaykumar, R.H. 2020. Development of a model for predicting whelping date in small breeds of dogs. M.V.Sc. thesis, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, 87p.

Cite this article

Ravindranath, R., Paul, M.K., Promod, K., Azees, C.P.A. and Jinesh Kumar, N.S. 2024. Relationship between the sonographic foetal lung-to-liver ratio of mean grey level and progesterone concentration in canine late gestation. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 55(2):360-365

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2024.55.2.360-365

Views
259
Downloads
89
Citations